解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::There is an association between stress and dementia. However, less is known about dementia among persons with varied stress responses and sex differences in these associations. We used this population-based cohort study to examine dementia among persons with a range of clinician-diagnosed stress disorders, as well as ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwy269
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Few studies have addressed the association between television viewing time in childhood and overweight/obesity across the life course. Among 30,921 mother-daughter dyads from the Nurses' Mothers' Cohort (2001) and the Nurses' Health Study II (1989 and 1991), the following information was collected: daughter's televisi...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwy236
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A standard approach to analysis of case-cohort data involves fitting log-linear models. In this paper, we describe how standard statistical software can be used to fit a broad class of general relative rate models to case-cohort data and derive confidence intervals. We focus on a case-cohort design in which a roster h...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwy223
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The numbers of international collaborations among birth cohort studies designed to better understand asthma and allergies have increased in the last several years. However, differences in definitions and methods preclude direct pooling of original data on individual participants. As part of the Mechanisms of the Devel...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwy242
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although effective in controlling malaria, indoor residual spraying results in elevated exposure to insecticides such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and pyrethroids. These chemicals cross the placenta, but no studies have examined their associations with birth outcomes in populations residing in indoor resid...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwy143
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psychological distress has been indicated to affect the risk of death from cardiovascular disease, cancer, and external causes. Mortality from these major causes of death is also known to be elevated after widowhood when distress is at a heightened level. Surprisingly little is known about changes in health other than...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwy184
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vaccinating children with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) disrupts transmission, reducing disease rates in unvaccinated adults. When considering changes in vaccine dosing strategies (e.g., removing doses), it is critical to understand which groups of children contribute most to transmission to adults. We used dat...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwy219
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The association between a single interpregnancy interval (IPI) and birth outcomes has not yet been explored using matched methods. We modeled the odds of preterm birth, being small for gestational age, and having low birth weight in a second, live-born infant in a cohort of 192,041 sibling pairs born in Western Austra...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwy188
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Earlier studies report inconsistent associations between education and cognitive aging. We assessed the association, accounting for selective dropout due to death or dementia, and, in a subsample, accounting for confounding by early-life intelligence. Data from the Danish component of the Survey of Health, Ageing and ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwy162
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Gulf War Era Cohort and Biorepository (GWECB) is a nationally representative longitudinal cohort of US veterans who served during the 1990-1991 Gulf War era. The GWECB combines survey data, such as demographic, health behavior, and environmental exposure data; medical records...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwy147
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prolonged sitting time is associated with several health outcomes; limited evidence indicates associations with frailty. Our aims in this study were to identify patterns of sitting time over 12 years in middle-aged (ages 50-55 years) women and examine associations of these patterns with frailty in older age. We examin...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwy111
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many smokers believe that electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and pharmaceutical cessation aids can help them quit smoking or reduce cigarette consumption, but the evidence for e-cigarettes to aid quitting is limited. Examining 3,093 quit attempters in the nationally representative US Population Assessment of ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwy129
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The epidemiology of Lyme disease has been examined utilizing insurance claims from privately insured individuals; however, it is unknown whether reported patterns vary among the publicly insured. We examined trends in incidence rates of first Lyme disease diagnosis among 384,652 Maryland Medicaid recipients enrolled f...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwy133
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many nonrandomized interventions rely upon a pre-post design to evaluate effectiveness. Such designs cannot account for events external to the intervention that may produce the outcome. We describe a method to construct a surveillance registry-based comparison group, which allows for estimating the effectiveness of th...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwy103
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Definitions and descriptions of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) vary between Western and Eastern types, and alcoholism and hepatitis B virus (HBV) are, respectively, the main etiologies. To determine whether there are unified diagnostic criteria and common treatment programs for different etiologies of ACLF, a m...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/aje/kwy083
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The US Great Recession resulted in an alarming number of home foreclosures that weakened the social and physical environment of thousands of neighborhoods. Few studies have evaluated whether these neighborhood changes were related to changes in individual behaviors. We examined the relationship between changes in neig...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/aje/kwy075
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have suggested an increased risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other motor neuron diseases for persons in occupations commonly involving exposure to diesel exhaust (DE). In this study, we investigated the association between occupational exposure to DE and odds of ALS. ALS cases were iden...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwy069
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Power considerations for trials evaluating vaccines against infectious diseases are complicated by indirect protective effects of vaccination. While cluster-randomized controlled trials (cRCTs) are less statistically efficient than individually randomized controlled trials (iRCTs), a cRCT's ability to measure direct a...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwy047
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dietary protein may help prevent age-related declines in strength and functional capacity. This study examines the independent relationship between dietary protein and longitudinal changes in physical functioning among adults participating in the Framingham Offspring Study from examination 5 (1991-1995) to examination...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwy014
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in young children indicates recent tuberculosis (TB) transmission. We reviewed surveillance reports of children with LTBI to assess whether more follow-up is needed to prevent TB in this high-risk population. Data on all children under 5 years of age who were report...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwx354
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The self-controlled tree-temporal scan statistic-a new signal-detection method-can evaluate whether any of a wide variety of health outcomes are temporally associated with receipt of a specific vaccine, while adjusting for multiple testing. Neither health outcomes nor postvaccination potential periods of increased ris...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwy023
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Measurement and characterization of the human microbiome in large population-based human studies has recently become a reality secondary to technological advances in high-throughput DNA sequencing. These advances bring new challenges and knowledge gaps for study planning, data analysis, and interpretation that are nov...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwy063
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mammographic percent density, the proportion of fibroglandular tissue in the breast, is a strong risk factor for breast cancer, but its determinants in young women are unknown. We examined associations of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) breast-tissue composition at age 21 years with prospectively collected measuremen...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwx358
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the association between mood disorders and risk of herpes zoster in two case-control studies using data from nationwide Danish registries and practices in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink. We included incident zoster cases diagnosed in general practice (using systemic antivirals as a proxy in Den...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwx338
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::G-estimation is a flexible, semiparametric approach for estimating exposure effects in epidemiologic studies. It has several underappreciated advantages over other propensity score-based methods popular in epidemiology, which we review in this article. However, it is rarely used in practice, due to a lack of off-the-s...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/aje/kwx347
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flaws in the design of randomized trials may bias intervention effect estimates and increase between-trial heterogeneity. Empirical evidence suggests that these problems are greatest for subjectively assessed outcomes. For the Risk of Bias in Evidence Synthesis (ROBES) Study, we extracted risk-of-bias judgements (for ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwx344
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experiencing discrimination is associated with poor mental health, but how cumulative experiences of perceived interpersonal discrimination across attributes, domains, and time are associated with mental disorders is still unknown. Using data from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (1996-2008), we applied l...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/aje/kwx326
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Associations of prenatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), ubiquitous chemicals used in stain- and water-resistant products, with adverse birth outcomes may be confounded by pregnancy hemodynamics. We measured plasma concentrations of 4 PFAS in early pregnancy (median length of gestation, 9 weeks) among 1,...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwx332
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to cadmium confers increased cardiovascular risk. Tobacco smoke contains cadmium, which, hypothetically, may mediate parts of the tobacco-associated risk of developing atherosclerotic plaques. Baseline data from the Swedish Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort (1991-1996) were used to test this hypothesis. Mediation ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwx306
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The size of a person's social network is linked to health and longevity, but it is unclear whether the number of strong social ties or the number of weak social ties is most influential for health. We examined social network characteristics as predictors of mortality in the Finnish Public Sector Study (n = 7,617) and ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwx301
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Androgens have an extensive influence on brain development in regions of the brain that are relevant for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), yet their etiological involvement remains unclear. Hypospadias (abnormal positioning of the urethral opening) and cryptorchidism (undescended testes) are 2 relatively common male bir...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwx367
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Breast cancer is the leading cancer diagnosed among women, and environmental studies have produced few leads on modifiable risk factors for breast cancer. Following an Institute of Medicine recommendation for occupational studies of women highly exposed to potential breast cancer risk factors, we took advantage of an ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwx264
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Homeownership is consistently associated with better mental health, but whether becoming a homeowner in later in life has positive psychological benefits has not, to our knowledge, been examined. We assessed whether acquiring a home after age 50 years was associated with depression in a representative sample of older ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwx278
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes confers a higher risk of cardiovascular disease on women than on men. The reasons for these sex differences, such as poorer cardiovascular risk factor profiles, have received considerable attention. However, a recent report on sex × diabetes interactions on cardiovascular disease identified that few if any pr...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwx327
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The potential association between sickle cell trait (SCT) and increased arterial stiffness/blood pressure (BP) has not been evaluated in detail despite its association with stroke, sudden death, and renal disease. We performed 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring and arterial stiffness measurements in adolescents raised i...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwx232
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medication use is often underreported in paper-based questionnaires or interviews. Web-based questionnaires may improve recall of medication use, but data on their validity are currently lacking. Participants in the Pregnancy and Infant Development (PRIDE) Study (2014-2016; n = 557) and the Pregnancy Drug Registry (pR...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwx239
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The association between dietary fat and fertility is not well studied. We evaluated intakes of total fat, saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids (TFA), ω-3 fatty acids, and ω-6 fatty acids in relation to fecundability in Danish and North American preconceptio...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwx204
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to reconcile 3 approaches to calculating population attributable fractions and attributable burden percentage: the approach of Bruzzi et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 1985;122(5):904-914.), the maximum-likelihood method of Greenland and Drescher (Biometrics. 1993;49(3):865-872.), and the multivariable...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwx200
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An estimated 3.1 million children die each year because of undernutrition. Although cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have found a protective association between greater parental education and undernutrition in their children, no randomized trial has identified a causal effect, to our knowledge. Using the 1980 ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwx195
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Racial and ethnic disparities in the incidence of esophageal cancer have not been thoroughly characterized with quantitative health-disparity measures. Using data from 1992-2013 from 13 US cancer registries in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, we assessed such disparities according to histologi...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwx221
更新日期:2017-12-15 00:00:00